How Do I Verify Title History & Encumbrances before Signing?

Begin with a formal title search through the land office, requested by and reviewed with your lawyer. Check the official register to confirm current ownership, the chain of title, and any previous transfers. Obtain an encumbrance certificate or equivalent document to identify mortgages, liens, servitudes, or other claims affecting the property. Verify the property’s boundaries and land measurements, and confirm that the seller has authority to sell and that there are no unresolved leases or tenancy rights that could affect transfer. Review building permits, occupancy approvals, and any restrictive covenants tied to the property or estate. Also verify road access and utility rights, since those can influence finance and daily use. Finally, have your lawyer assess transfer costs and tax obligations, and ensure the contract protects your position if any issue arises before completion. Gather written confirmations of all findings and apply them to the exact property in question.